Mainland

Mainland
H:大陸臺灣常掛嘴上，英文怎麼寫?
奇摩字典介紹
mainland

KK[ˋmenlənd] DJ[ˋmeinlənd]

n.名詞

1. 大陸，本土[the S]

How many states are there on the mainland of the United States? 美國本土有多少州？The ship left the island and headed for the mainland. 那條船駛離該島，向大陸開去。

a.形容詞

1. 大陸的，本土的[B]

mainland China 中國大陸

Mainland China
WiKi:
Geopolitical area under the jurisdiction of the People's Republic of China excluding Special Administrative Regions

Mainland China, also known as the Chinese mainland, is the geopolitical as well as geographical area under the direct jurisdiction of the People's Republic of China (PRC). It includes Hainanisland and strictly speaking, politically, does not include the special administrative regions of Hong Kong and Macau, even though both are partially on the geographic mainland (continental landmass).

Quick facts: Simplified Chinese, Traditional Chinese …

Mainland China

The highlighted orange area in the map is what is commonly known as mainland China.

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There are two terms in Chinese for "mainland":

Dàlù (大陆; 大陸), which means "the continent", and

Nèidì (内地; 內地), literally "inland" or "inner land".

In the PRC, the usage of the two terms are strictly speaking not interchangeable. To emphasize "equal footing" in Cross-Strait relations, the term must be used in official contexts with reference to Taiwan, with the PRC referring to itself as "the mainland side" (as opposed to "the Taiwan side"). But in its relations with Hong Kong and Macau, the PRC government refers to itself as "the Central People's Government", and Mainland China excluding Hong Kong and Macau is referred as Nèidì.
"Mainland area" is the opposing term to "free area of the Republic of China" used in the ROC Constitution.

Background

In the 1930s the region faced Japaneseinvasion. By 1949, the Communist Party of China's (CPC) People's Liberation Armyhad largely defeated the Kuomintang(KMT)'s National Revolutionary Army in the Chinese Civil War on the mainland. This forced the Kuomintang to relocate the Government and institutions of the Republic of Chinato the relative safety of Taiwan, an island which was placed under the control of the Republic of China after the surrender of Japan at the end of World War II in 1945. With the establishment of the People's Republic of China on October 1, 1949, the CPC-controlled government saw itself as the sole legitimate government of China,competing with the claims of the Republic of China, whose authority is now limited to Taiwan and other islands. This has resulted in a situation in which two co-existing governmentscompete for international legitimacy and recognition as the "government of China".
The phrase "mainland China" emerged as a politically neutral term to refer to the area under control of the Communist Party of China, and later to the administration of the PRC itself. Until the late 1970s, both the PRC and ROC envisioned a military takeover of the other. During this time the ROC referred to the PRC government as "Communist Bandits" (共匪) while the PRC referred to the ROC as "ChiangBandits" (蔣匪). Later, as a military solution became less feasible, the ROC referred to the PRC as "Communist China"" (中共). With the democratization of Taiwan in the 1990s, the phrase "mainland China" soon grew to mean not only the area under the control of the Communist Party of China, but also a more neutral means to refer to the People's Republic of China government; this usage remains prevalent by the KMT today.
Due to their status as colonies of foreign states during the establishment of the People's Republic of China in 1949, the phrase "mainland China" excludes Hong Kong and Macau. Since the return of Hong Kong and Macau to Chinese sovereignty in 1997 and 1999, respectively, the two territories have retained their legal, political, and economic systems. The territories also have their distinct identities. Therefore, "mainland China" generally continues to exclude these territories, because of the "One country, two systems" policy adopted by the PRC central governmenttowards the regions. The term is also used in economic indicators, such as the IMDCompetitiveness Report. International news media often use "China" to refer only to mainland China or the People's Republic of China.

Political